张学进,周立新,薛新宇,周良富,孔伟
Zhang Xuejin,Zhou Lixin,Xue Xinyu,Zhou Liangfu,Kong Wei

• 1:农业部南京农业机械化研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

为了解不同操作压力下的激波特性,采用试验与数值分析相结合的方法,测得不同出口压力下(0.105,0.110,0.115,0.120,0.125,0.130,0.135 MPa)的喷射系数;采用FLUENT赫数分布;对试验值与仿真值进行对比分析,平均误差率为12.5%,验证了模型的准确性。结果表明:受操作工况的影响,压缩器喷嘴出口处和扩散器内出现了激波,且在工作压力和引射压力一定的情况下,喷嘴出口处的激波是不随出口压力的变化而改变的;压缩器出口压力为0.105～0.12 MPa激波,双激波使得流体由超音速减至亚音速时消耗了大量的能量,而单激波时消耗能量则较少;压力为0.135 MPa时,喷射器出现回流,不能正常工作;在出口压力为0.125 MPa,吸入口压力为0.074 MPa,当工作压力为0.4 MPa时,压缩器内部出现微弱激波,且工作压力越大,激波现象越严重。
In order to understand the characteristics of shock wave at different operating pressures,the method of combination of experimental analysis with numerical analysis was used to measure the entrainment ratio under different outlet pressures(0.105,0.110,0.115,0.120,0.125,0.130,0.135 MPa) by a throttle valve. The computational fluid dynamics(CFD)software FLUENT was adopted to analyze internal static pressure distribution and Mach number distribution under different outlet pressures and working pressures. The experimental values were compared with the simulated values for fitting analysis. The average error rate is 12.5%,which verified the accuracy of the model. The results show that shock waves appeared at the nozzle outlet of the air ejector and within the diffuser due to the impact of the operating conditions,and under a fixed working pressure and ejection pressure,the shock waves at the nozzle outlet did not change with the change of outlet pressure. When the outlet pressure of the ejector was 0.105 MPa～0.12 MPa,double shock waves appeared within the diffuser. When the pressure was 0.125～0.13 MPa,single shock waves appeared within the diffuser,the double shock waves consumed a lot of energy in the diffuser section when the flow speed was reduced from supersonic speed to subsonic speed,whereas the single shock waves consumed less energy. But when outlet pressure was 0.135 MPa,reverse flow appeared and the air ejector was unable to operate. The weak shock wave occurred at the outlet pressure of 0.125 MPa,the suction pressure of 0.074 MPa and working pressure of 0.4 MPa,and the higher the working pressure,the more severe the shock wave.

关键词(KeyWords)： 气体喷射器;流场;激波;变工况;数值分析
air ejector;flow filed;shock wave;variable working condition;numerical analysis

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(51605235)

作者(Author): 张学进,周立新,薛新宇,周良富,孔伟
Zhang Xuejin,Zhou Lixin,Xue Xinyu,Zhou Liangfu,Kong Wei

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