刘铭盛,杨玲智,王海柱,王斌,于超,李冠华,孙廉贺,胡萧
LIU Mingsheng,YANG Lingzhi,WANG Haizhu,WANG Bin,YU Chao,LI Guanhua,SUN Lianhe,HU Xiao

• 1:中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与工程全国重点实验室
• 2:加拿大阿尔伯塔大学
• 3:中国石油长庆油田分公司油气工艺研究所

摘要(Abstract)：

针对现有分层配注气嘴在“大通径+强节流”结构方面的研究不足，以及CO_2,N_2,CH_4多组分注入工况复杂、气嘴流动特征不明等问题，提出将亥姆赫兹（Helmholtz）气嘴应用于分层配注中，建立了考虑多组分流体物性随温度、压力变化的真实气体流动模型，研究了不同组分浓度、气嘴收缩段直径、围压条件下的气嘴流动特性及影响规律。结果表明，相同体积流量下，Helmholtz气嘴节流压差随CO_2质量含量降低而显著降低，同纯CO_2对照组相比，当CO_2,N_2,CH_4三者质量比为0.34∶0.42∶0.24时，节流压差降幅可达69.56%；射流温度受CO_2质量含量影响显著，同纯CO_2对照组相比，当CO_2,N_2,CH_4三者质量比为0.65∶0.25∶0.10时，温度降增幅可达40.56%；高围压条件下，可形成高节流压差及更小的温度降；节流压差与气嘴收缩段直径的关系存在拐点，在特定气嘴直径组合条件下存在多级节流效应，能够实现节流效果自适应转移与调节，并具备高通过特性，因此，将Helmholtz气嘴作为分层配注气嘴的可行性较高。研究成果可为井下分层配注器结构设计和注气工艺参数优化提供理论基础。
In response to the insufficient research on existing stratified injection nozzles regarding the “large diameter+strong throttling” structure,as well as the complexity of multi-component injection conditions involving CO_2,N_2,and CH_4 and the unclear flow characteristics of the nozzles,this study proposes applying the Helmholtz nozzle to stratified injection.A real gas flow model considering the variation of multi-component fluid properties with temperature and pressure was established. The flow characteristics and influencing laws of the nozzle under different component concentrations,nozzle contraction section diameters,and confining pressures were investigated.The results show that under the same volumetric flow rate,the throttling pressure drop of the Helmholtz nozzle significantly decreases with a reduction in CO_2 mass fraction.Compared to the pure CO_2 control group,when the mass ratio of CO_2,N_2,and CH_4 is 0.34∶0.42∶0.24,the throttling pressure drop reduction can reach 69.56%.The jet temperature is significantly affected by the CO_2 mass fraction.Compared to the pure CO_2 control group,when the mass ratio of CO_2,N_2,and CH_4 is 0.65∶0.25∶0.10,the temperature drop increase can reach 40.56%.Under high confining pressure conditions,a high throttling pressure drop and a smaller temperature drop can be achieved.The relationship between the throttling pressure drop and the nozzle contraction section diameter exhibits an inflection point. Under specific nozzle diameter combinations,a multi-stage throttling effect can be achieved,enabling adaptive transfer and adjustment of the throttling effect while maintaining high flow capacity.Therefore,the feasibility of using the Helmholtz nozzle as a stratified injection nozzle is high.The research findings can provide a theoretical basis for the structural design of downhole stratified injection tools and the optimization of gas injection process parameters.

关键词(KeyWords)： 多组分CO_2;分层配注;亥姆赫兹气嘴;节流压差;射流流场
multi-component CO_2;stratified injection;Helmholtz nozzle;throttling pressure drop;jet flow field

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金专项项目（52341401）;; 中国石油大学（北京）科研基金项目（2462024YJRC019）

作者(Author): 刘铭盛,杨玲智,王海柱,王斌,于超,李冠华,孙廉贺,胡萧
LIU Mingsheng,YANG Lingzhi,WANG Haizhu,WANG Bin,YU Chao,LI Guanhua,SUN Lianhe,HU Xiao

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