陈小砖,柳建华,邢晓凯,陈永昌,马重芳
CHEN Xiao-zhuan1,LIU Jian-hua1,XING Xiao-kai2,CHEN Yong-chang2,MA Chong-fang2(1.University of Shanghai for Science & Technology

• 1:上海理工大学
• 2:北京工业大学传热强化与过程节能教育部重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

氨水吸收制冷中吸收器是一个非常重要的设备,氨气吸收效果直接关系到氨水制冷的效果和稳定性。氨气在垂直降膜吸收中释放了大量的潜热,这些热量被循环流动的冷却水带走。长时间的运行造成冷却水在壁面沉淀水垢,这大大降低了氨水溶液与冷却水之间的传热系数。由于电磁抗垢技术是一种绿色的抗垢技术,对环境友好,无需在冷却水中加入化学物质,可以考虑在氨水吸收制冷系统中采用该技术。本文利用扫频信号和矩形波信号做了一系列抗垢试验,结果表明矩形波信号抗垢有一定的效果。美国ClearWater公司生产的扫频抗垢器使用效果不稳定,有两次抗垢试验能够比结垢试验的稳定时间超出4～5h,但有一次试验的抗垢效果和结垢试验相比效果不明显。综合分析,认为不稳定的因素可能与管壁表面状况和其它试验条件有关,应用了高倍显微镜对新铜管和使用后的铜管的内壁面取样观察,发现两者的表面状况的确有一定的不同这可以作为试验不稳定的一个可能原因,需要进一步的研究加以判断。
During ammonia absorption refrigeration equipment,absorber is very important device,because the absorbing capacity is directly related to stand or fall of absorption refrigeration and stability.Ammonia can release a great deal of latent heat in vertical falling film absorption,which can be taken away by the cooling water.A long-playing operation will lead to the deposit of incrustation scale from the cooling water.As a result,those scales lessen enormously coefficient of heat transfer.Because electromagnetic anti-fouling technology is one type of pollution-free technology which is environmentally friendly.Because of no necessity of adding chemical substance into cooling water,it is feasible to adopt the anti-fouling technology on ammonia absorption refrigeration system.A series of anti-fouling experiments were carried out making use of sweeping signal generator and rectangular wave signal generator.The result of anti-fouling indicated rectangular wave signal generator had some good effects.The sweeping signal generator made by America ClearWater Co.had unstable effect.Two times anti-fouling experiments could keep water stable more than 4 to 5 hours,but one experiment took inconspicuous effects.By overall analysis,the author presumed that the reason of unstableness should have some thing to do with surface state of tube wall or other experiment conditions.The author used microscope to observe brand-new copper tube wall and used copper tube wall,and discovered that surface states of two tubes had distinct differences.This conclusion could be considered as one of possible reasons,and it needed the farther research to judge.

关键词(KeyWords)： 吸收器;水垢;电磁抗垢;热阻;硬度
absorber;scale;electromagnetic anti-fouling;heat resistance;hardness

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20093120110003)

作者(Author): 陈小砖,柳建华,邢晓凯,陈永昌,马重芳
CHEN Xiao-zhuan1,LIU Jian-hua1,XING Xiao-kai2,CHEN Yong-chang2,MA Chong-fang2(1.University of Shanghai for Science & Technology

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