赵杰,姚冉,王雯昕,周晶,王博阳
ZHAO Jie,YAO Ran,WANG Wenxin,ZHOU Jing,WANG Boyang

• 1:北京石油化工学院机械工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

基于瞬时动力学和流体力学理论,采用双向流固耦合数值模拟计算方法,对往复压缩机管路进行气固耦合分析、模态分析和谐响应分析,预测气固耦合和非耦合作用下管路振动响应,并与试验台测量获得的振动响应数据进行对比。研究结果表明:该机组振动超标的原因是在2阶9倍频下发生共振,考虑气固耦合作用下的管路振动响应预测相对精确(耦合作用误差率为9.8%,非耦合作用的误差率为52.5%),试验与仿真结果的比对也进一步验证了用仿真手段研究和预测气固耦合作用下往复压缩机管路振动特性分析的正确性。进而预测考虑耦合作用下高压和超高压工况对管道固有频率的影响,预测结果表明:当气体压力在0.6～195 MPa之间,管道的固有频率基本不会随着工况的改变而改变,为固有频率的平稳区,在195～300 MPa之间时管道的固有频率进入上升区,研究结果为往复压缩机管路系统振动特性研究中是否需要考虑流固耦合作用提供参考。
Based on the instantaneous dynamics and hydromechanics theory and using the reciprocating compressor pipeline as the research object,the two-way gas-solid coupling numerical simulation method was used to conduct gas-solid coupling analysis,modal analysis and harmonic response analysis.The simulation results were used to predict the vibration response of the pipeline under gas-solid coupling and uncoupling conditions,and compared with the vibration response data obtained from the experimental bench. The research results show that the overstandard vibration of the unit is due to resonance at 2 nd order 9 th octave. The prediction of the vibration response of the pipeline considering gas-solid coupling was relatively accurate(the error rate of coupling effect was 9.8%,while the error rate of uncoupling effect was 52.5%).The comparison between the experimental results and simulation results also further validated the correctness of using simulation means to study and predict the vibration characteristics of reciprocating compressor pipelines under the action of gas-solid coupling.Furthermore,the influence of high pressure and ultrahigh pressure operating conditions on inherent frequency of the pipeline under the coupling action.The prediction results show that when the gas pressure was 0.6～195 MPa,the inherent frequency of the pipeline basically does not change with the change of working conditions,which is the stable zone of inherent frequency.When the gas pressure was between 195 and 300 MPa,the inherent frequency of the pipeline enters the rising region.The simulation results provide a reference for whether fluid-structure coupling needs to be considered in the study of the vibration characteristics of reciprocating compressor piping system.

关键词(KeyWords)： 管道振动;双向气固耦合;数值模拟;固有频率
pipeline vibration;two-way gas-solid coupling;numerical simulation;inherent frequency

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFE0204200）;; 北京市大学生科研训练项目（2020X00242）

作者(Author): 赵杰,姚冉,王雯昕,周晶,王博阳
ZHAO Jie,YAO Ran,WANG Wenxin,ZHOU Jing,WANG Boyang

参考文献(References)：

• [1]车煜全，马增辉，张锋.克75撬装往复式压缩机管线振动的原因分析[J].化工进展，2015,34(S1):212-215.CHE Y Q,MA Z H,ZHANG F.Cause analysis of pipeline vibration of g 75 pry reciprocating compressor[J].Chemical Industry Progress,2015,34(S1):212-215.
• [2]张明，江志农.基于多源信息融合的往复式压缩机故障诊断方法[J].机械工程学报，2017,53(23):46-52.ZHANG M,JIANG Z N.Fault diagnosis method of reciprocating compressor based on multi-source information fusion[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2017,53(23):46-52.
• [3]党锡淇，陈守五.活塞式压缩机气流脉动与管道振动[M].西安：西安交通大学出版社，1984.DANG X Q,CHEN S W.Gas pulsation and pipe vibration of piston compressor[M].Xi'an:Xi'an Jiaotong University Press,1984.
• [4]肖军，舒悦，谢传东，等.基于二叉树支持向量机的往复压缩机气阀故障诊断方法[J].流体机械，2020,48(10):48-53.XIAO J,SHU Y,XIE C D,et al.Fault Diagnosis of reciprocating compressor gas valve based on binary tree support vector machine[J].Fluid Machinery,2020,48(10):48-53.
• [5]周超，张进杰，张旭东，等.变负荷工况下往复压缩机活塞杆运行轴心轨迹特征提取[J].流体机械，2020,48(10):7-11.ZHOU C,ZHANG J J,ZHANG X D,et al.Axis orbit feature extraction of reciprocating compressor piston rod under variable load condition[J].Fluid Machinery,2020,48(10):7-11.
• [6]孙旭，程贵健，李强，等.阀片顶开位移对往复压缩机气量调节效果影响研究[J].流体机械，2020,48(8):32-37.SUN X,CHENG G J,LI Q,et al.Study on influence of valve opening clearance on capacity control effect of reciprocating compressor[J].Fluid Machinery,2020,48(8):32-37.
• [7]张进杰，祁桢，赵岩，等.基于小头瓦润滑EHD模型的变工况运行往复压缩机连杆动力学分析[J].流体机械，2020,48(3):35-41.ZHANG J J,QI Z,ZHAO Y,et al.Dynamic analysis of connecting rod of reciprocating compressor under variable working conditions based on EHD model of small-head Lubrication[J].Fluid Machinery,2020,48(3):35-41.
• [8]舒悦，谢传东，何明，等.往复压缩机环状气阀振动信号的LMD故障特征提取方法研究[J].流体机械，2019,47(11):13-18.SHU Y,XIE C D,HE M,et al.Research on extraction method of LMD fault features for vibration signal of annular valve of reciprocating compressor[J].Fluid Machinery,2019,47(11):13-18.
• [9]刘桓秀，陆佳平.基于ANSYS的弹性约束包装件的随机振动特性分析[J].包装与食品机械，2019,37(1):57-62.LIU H X,LU J P.Analysis of random vibration characteristics of elastic constrained packages based on ANSYS[J].Packaging and Food Machinery,2019,37(1):57-62.
• [10]韩宝坤，魏国，孙晓东，等.往复压缩机吸气阀通道内流场数值模拟研究[J].流体机械，2019,47(6):20-23.HAN B K,WEI G,SUN X D,et al.Numerical simulation of flow field in suction valve passage of reciprocating compressor[J].Fluid Machinery,2019,47(6):20-23.
• [11]王蒙，孙旭，张进杰.往复压缩机气量无级调节工况下吸气阀故障模拟与诊断[J].流体机械，2019,47(4):39-44.WANG M,SUN X,ZHANG J J.Fault simulation and diagnosis of suction valve on reciprocating compressor with stepless capacity control[J].Fluid Machinery,2019,47(4):39-44.
• [12]袁伟，赵杰，杨智荣，等.往复压缩机管道振动的控制标准分析[J].流体机械，2019,47(1):52-57.YUAN W,ZAO J,YANG Z R,et al.Discussion on the control standard of reciprocating compressor piping vibration[J].Fluid Machinery,2019,47(1):52-57.
• [13]赵梦芸，程贵健，李强，等.往复压缩机变负荷工况阀片运动规律及气缸内状态仿真研究[J].机电工程，2019,36(5):480-484.ZHAO M Y,CHENG G J,LI Q,et al.Movement law of valve plate and simulation of cylinder state of reciprocating compressor under variable load condition[J].Journal of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,2019,36(5):480-484.
• [14] LIANG Z,LI S,TIAN J,et al.Vibration cause analysis and elimination of reciprocating compressor inlet pipelines[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2015,48:272-282.
• [15]严幼玲.大型往复式压缩机工作特性及管道气流脉动研究[D].武汉：华中科技大学，2019.YAN Y L.Study on working characteristics of large reciprocating compressor and gas pulsation in pipeline[D].Wuhang:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2019.
• [16] PEROV S,ALTSTADT E,WERNER M.Vibration analysis of the pressure vessel internals of WWER-1000 type reactors with consideration of fluid-structure interaction[J].Annals of Nuclear Energy,2000,27(16):1441-1457.
• [17]朱竑祯，王纬波，殷学文，等.基于分层模型的功能梯度输流管道耦合振动[J].振动与冲击，2019,38(20):203-209.ZHU H Z,WANG W B,YIN X W,et al.Coupling vibration of functionally graded pipeline based on hierarchical model[J].Vibration and Impact,2019,38(20):203-209.
• [18] LEE SEONG-HYEON,RYU SANG-MO,JEONG WEUI-BONG.Vibration analysis of compressor piping system with fluid pulsation[J].Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,2012,26(12):3903-3909.
• [19]张春晋，孙西欢，李永业，等.基于流固耦合的管道车振动运移水力特性数值模拟与试验[J].振动与冲击，2019,38(5):251-258.ZHANG C J,SUN X H,LI Y Y,et al.Numerical simulation and test of hydraulic characteristics of fluidsolid coupling pipeline vehicle vibration transport[J].Vibration and Impact,2019,38(5):251-258.
• [20] HOU.Numerical methods for fluid-structure interaction-A review[J].Communications in Computational Physics,2012,12(2):337-377.
• [21] LI X F,HUANG X Q,LIU C.Numerical simulation method for fluid-structure interaction in compressor blades[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2014,488-489:914-917.
• [22] DOWELL E H,HALL K C.Modeling of fluid-structure interaction[J].Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,2001,33:445-490.
• [23]赵杰，李峰，刘录.超高压管线系统气固耦合振动特性的仿真研究[J].北京石油化工学院学报，2013,21(2):26-29.ZHAO J,LI F,LIU L.Simulation study on gas-solid coupling vibration characteristics of ultra-high pressure pipeline system[J].Journal of Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,2013,21(2):26-29.
• [24]王莹.往复压缩机管线振动耦合特性分析与控制[D].北京：北京石油化工学院，2015.WANG Y.Coupling Characteristics analysis and control of reciprocating compressor pipeline vibration[D].Beijing:Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,2015.
• [25]郭长虹，丁旭，曹源，等.页岩气井下开采管路气固耦合振动特性分析[J].液压与气动，2016(7):50-55.GUO C H,DING X,CAO Y,et al.Gas-solid coupling vibration characteristics analysis of shale gas drilling pipeline[J].Chinese Hydraulics&Pneumatics,2016(7):50-55.
• [26]曹源.气固耦合管路振动机理研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学，2016.CAO Y.Research on vibration mechanism of gassolid coupled pipelines[D].Qinhuangdao:Yanshan University,2016.
• [27]马青，赵子龙.流固耦合对裸露输气管道固有频率的影响[J].太原科技大学学报，2020,41(1):67-71.MA Q,ZHAO Z L.Effect of fluid-solid coupling on natural frequency of exposed gas pipeline[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,2020,41(1):67-71.
• [28]雷太斌.输气管道振动耦合特性分析与控制[D].西安：西安石油大学，2018.LEI T B.Vibration coupling characteristics analysis and control of gas pipeline[D].Xi'an:Xi'an Petroleum University,2018.
• [29]田家林，袁长福，杨琳，等.输气管道气固耦合振动特性分析[J].机械科学与技术，2016,35(7):1028-1034.TIAN J L,YUAN C F,YANG L,et al.Analysis of gas-solid coupled vibration characteristics of gas transmission pipeline[J].Mechanical Science and Technology,2016,35(7):1028-1034.
• [30]吴天新，陆鑫森.钻柱内外沿轴向流动的钻井液对钻柱横向振动的影响[J].振动与冲击，1995(2):1-6.WU T X,LU X S.Influence of drilling fluid flowing in and out of drill string on lateral vibration of drill string[J].Vibration and Impact,1995(2):1-6.
• [31]孟庆华，刘清友.气体钻井钻柱气固耦合横向振动的数学建模与求解[J].应用力学学报，2010,27(4):830-833.MENG Q H,LIU Q Y.Mathematical modeling and solution of gas-solid coupled lateral vibration of gas drilling string[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,2010,27(4):830-833.
• [32]汪松柏，李绍斌，宋西镇.基于流固耦合的跨声速压气机叶片静气动弹性分析[J].力学与实践，2016(1):38-42.WANG S B,LI S B,SONG X Z.Hydroaeroelastic analysis of transonic compressor blades based on fluidsolid coupling[J].Mechanics&Practice,2016(1):38-42.
• [33]谭祯，李朝峰，太兴宇，等.不同湍流模型旋转叶片气固耦合动力学特性研究[J].振动与冲击，2013,32(11):46-50.TAN Z,LI C F,TAI X Y,et al.Study on gas-solid coupling dynamics of rotating blades with different turbulence models[J].Vibration and Impact,2013,32(11):46-50.
• [34]刘杰.高速电梯提升系统气固耦合振动特性研究[D].济南：山东建筑大学，2019.LIU J.Study on gas-solid coupling vibration characteristics of high-speed elevator lifting system[D].Jinan:Shandong Jianzhu University,2019.
• [35] HUANG D G,LI X S.Rotordynamic characteristics of a rotor with labyrinth gas seals.Part 3:coupled fluidsolid vibration[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part A Journal of Power&Energy,2004,218(3):187-197.
• [36]季龙庆，程强，刘洪佳，等.往复式压缩机排气管路振动分析[J].化工设备与管道，2020,57(4):66-70.JI L Q,CHENG Q,LIU H J,et al.Vibration analysis for exhaustion gas pipeline in reciprocating compressor[J].Process Equipment&Piping,2020,57(4):66-70.
• [37]陆智勇.时域法及频域法在往复式压缩机抗振中的应用[J].化工设备与管道，2019,56(5):47-52.LUZ Y.Application of time domain and frequency domain methods in seismic design of reciprocating compressor[J].Process Equipment&Piping,2019,56(5):47-52.
• [38]万建武.空气调节[M].北京：科学出版社，2006.WAN J W.Air conditioning[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006.