李晓博,江志农,佟艳宾,刘帅,张进杰
LI Xiao-bo,JIANG Zhi-nong,TONG Yan-bin,LIU Shuai,ZHANG Jin-jie

• 1:北京化工大学诊断与自愈工程研究中心
• 2:中国石化北京燕山分公司

摘要(Abstract)：

往复压缩机活塞杆断裂故障是往复压缩机一类严重的故障,本文在Griffith提出的裂纹扩展的能量平衡准则的基础上,对活塞杆断裂故障机理进行了分析,得出活塞杆断裂故障发生时活塞杆振动幅值会增大;同时通过对往复压缩机活塞杆沉降位移信号进行小波降噪,滤除信号中噪声信号,并计算处理后的信号的峰峰值。最后通过观察几个活塞杆断裂故障案例,说明了活塞杆断裂故障发生时活塞杆振动幅值确实会增大,可以将小波降噪后的沉降位移信号的峰峰值作为活塞杆断裂故障的报警或诊断的特征参数。
Piston rod fracture fault of reciprocating compressor is a kind of serious fault. Based on Griffith criterion, the mechanism of piston rod fracture is analyzed, and it is figured out that the vibration amplitude of piston rod will increase when piston rod fracture occurs. Meanwhile, piston rod displacement signal is de-noised with wavelet, and the de-noised signal is used to calculate peak-peak value. At last, with several cases of piston rod fracture fault, it is proved that that the vibration amplitude of piston rod indeed increases when piston rod fracture occurs, so that the peak-peak value could be taken as features to alarm or diagnose piston rod fracture fault.

关键词(KeyWords)： 往复压缩机;活塞杆断裂;峰峰值;小波降噪
reciprocating compressor;piston rod fracture;peak-peak value;wavelet de-noising

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2014AA041806);; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(ZY1617)

作者(Author): 李晓博,江志农,佟艳宾,刘帅,张进杰
LI Xiao-bo,JIANG Zhi-nong,TONG Yan-bin,LIU Shuai,ZHANG Jin-jie

参考文献(References)：

• [1]陈建国,杜培德.2DZ5.5-1.8/285-320型氮氢气循环压缩机活塞杆断裂事故原因分析[J].流体机械,2002,30(3):30-32.
• [2]马波.往复式压缩机的故障机理及早期预警技术研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2006.
• [3]FINNY J M,LAIRD C.Strain localization in cyclic deformation of copper single crystals[J].Philosophical Magazine,1975,A31:339-366.
• [4]CHENG A S,LAIRD C.Fatigue life behavior of copper single crystals,Part I:Observations of crack nucleation[J].Fatigue and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures,1981(4):331-341.
• [5]HONG Y,LU Y,ZHENG Z.Initiation and propagation of short fatigue cracks in a weld metal[J].Fatigue and Fracture Engineering Materials and Structures,1989,12(4):323-331.
• [6]邢万坤,马殿举,张勤.3D22型压缩机活塞杆断裂原因探讨[J].流体机械,1994(8):43-47.
• [7]马波,高金吉,江志农.往复压缩机活塞杆断裂早期预警技术的研究[J].机械强度,2008,30(3):445-449.
• [8]刘彤,杨荣根,张晓慧,等.疲劳裂纹深度自动监测系统的研制与应用[C].第十二届全国疲劳与断裂学术会议,2004:288-290.
• [9]杨波,倪继军,吕碧超,等.往复式压缩机组活塞杆断裂监测及联锁系统研究[J].流体机械,2003,31(6):30-32.
• [10]吴冬果,闫永兵,宋文戈.压缩机活塞杆断裂分析及技术改造[J].化工机械,2014,41(5):690-692.
• [11]张晓敏,万玲,严波,等.断裂力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2012.
• [12]Griffith AA.The Phenomena of rupture and flow in solid[J].Phil.Trans,1921,A221:163-198.
• [13]徐丰甜.基于敏感特征参数的往复压缩机故障诊断方法研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2015.
• [14]刘延柱,陈立群.非线性振动[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2010.
• [15]江志农,王辰,冯坤.高压往复压缩机管道振动测试分析与应用[J].流体机械,2015,43(12):6-10.
• [16]刘广彬,李群友,岑奇顺,等.往复压缩机气量调节系统气阀瞬态特性的研究[J].流体机械,2015,43(7):47-50.
• [17]包彬彬,张赟新,马增慧,等.往复压缩机变工况下吸气阀运动及冲击特性研究[J].流体机械,2016,44(8):1-5.
• [18]李宏坤.基于信息融合技术船舶柴油机故障诊断方法的研究与应用[D].大连:大连理工大学,2003.