郑娆,陈潇竹,李双喜,陈坤毅,宋子锋
ZHENG Rao,CHEN Xiaozhu,LI Shuangxi,CHEN Kunyi,SONG Zifeng

• 1:北京化工大学机电工程学院
• 2:中国船舶工业系统工程研究院

摘要(Abstract)：

针对螺旋密封临界密封能力受结构参数影响大，且螺旋密封的各结构参数相互耦合导致密封设计难度大的问题，建立了螺旋密封数值模型，计算了密封的速度场、压力场和临界密封能力，分析了螺旋密封不同结构参数对密封能力影响规律并从对密封能力的影响以及设计制造难易的角度筛选结构敏感参数。通过对试验数据的拟合处理，得到了针对密封偏心情况的临界密封能力修正公式；利用Matlab优化工具箱中的fmincon函数对螺旋密封临界密封能力修正公式进行优化求解。研究得到了齿顶间隙、螺纹齿高、相对槽宽对螺旋密封性能的影响规律并判断螺纹齿高、相对槽宽为螺旋密封结构敏感参数；提出了一种密封结构参数优化方法，该方法优化得到螺旋密封在螺旋角α=18.5°，螺纹齿高h=0.45 mm，相对槽宽K_1=0.5，齿顶间隙s=0.05 mm时螺旋密封具有最优的密封能力与模拟和试验结果相符；研究结果为螺旋密封的工程应用提供了设计基础。
The critical sealing capacity of the spiral seal is greatly affected by the structural parameters，and the coupling of the structural parameters of the spiral seal increases difficulty of seal design.The numerical model of spiral seal was established，the velocity field，pressure field and critical sealing capacity of the seal were calculated，the influence laws of different structural parameters of spiral seal on the sealing capacity were analyzed，and the structural sensitive parameters were selected from the perspective of the influence on the sealing capacity and the difficulty of design and manufacture.By fitting the test data，the correction formula of critical sealing capacity for seal eccentricity was obtained；The fmincon function in MATLAB optimization toolbox was used to optimize the correction formula of critical sealing capacity of spiral seal.The effects of tooth tip clearance，thread tooth height and relative groove width on the performance of spiral seal were studied，and it is judged that the thread tooth height and relative groove width are the sensitive parameters of spiral seal structure；An optimization method of seal structure parameters was proposed，and the spiral seal has the best sealing capacity obtained through optimization by this method when the spiral angle of spiral seal is α=18.5°，the thread tooth height h=0.45 mm，the relative groove width K_1=0.5 and the tooth top clearance s=0.05 mm，which is consistent with the simulation and test results；The research results provide a design basis for the engineering application of spiral seal.

关键词(KeyWords)： 螺旋密封;泄漏;优化工具箱;fmincon;试验验证;密封能力
spiral seal;leakage;optimization toolbox;fmincon;test verification;sealing capacity

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB2000800)

作者(Author): 郑娆,陈潇竹,李双喜,陈坤毅,宋子锋
ZHENG Rao,CHEN Xiaozhu,LI Shuangxi,CHEN Kunyi,SONG Zifeng

参考文献(References)：

• [1]刘杰.高压工况下车氏螺旋密封几何结构优化设计[J].机械制造，2012，50(7)：61-63.LIU J.Optimization design of geometric structure of lower helical seal under high pressure condition[J].Mechanical Manufacturing，2012，50(7)：61-63.
• [2]孙卫平，马新勇，顾海飞，等.给水泵螺旋密封的结构改进[J].流体机械，2014，42(7)：40-42.SUN W P，MA X Y，GU H F，et al.Structural improvement of screw seal of feed water pump[J].Fluid Machinery，2014，42(7)：40-42.
• [3]马润梅.螺旋密封气吞及密封失效机理分析[J].润滑与密封，2001(5)：33-35.MA R M.Gas swallowing and failure mechanism analysis of spiral seal[J].Lubrication and Seal，2001(5)：33-35.
• [4]黎义斌，李建忠，白小榜.基于摩擦因数的螺旋密封性能影响因素分析[J].排灌机械工程学报，2020，38(11)：1131-1137.LI Y B，LI J Z，BAI X B.Analysis on Influencing Factors of spiral seal performance based on friction coefficient[J].Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Mechanical Engineering，2020，38(11)：1131-1137.
• [5]高远，王凡，张秀珩，等.类迷宫螺旋密封与迷宫密封的性能对比研究[J].润滑与密封，2014，39(2)：71-75.GAO Y，WANG F，ZHANG X H，et al.Comparative study on performance of labyrinth like spiral seal and labyrinth seal[J].Lubrication and Seal，2014，39(2)：71-75.
• [6]薄相峰，刘波，侯顺利.螺旋密封性能的试验研究[J].流体机械，2011，39(8)：1-5.BO X F，LIU B，HOU S L.Experimental study on the performance of spiral seal[J].Fluid Machinery，2011，39(8)：1-5.
• [7]任朝晖，魏杰涛，李永超，等.螺旋密封的密封能力及参数优化[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版)，2016，37(12)：1755-1758.REN C H，WEI J T，LI Y C，et al.Sealing ability and parameter optimization of spiral seal[J].Journal of Northeast University(Natural Science Edition)，2016，37(12)：1755-1758.
• [8]常晓萍，李智，秦建华.蚁群算法在螺旋密封优化设计中的应用[J].润滑与密封，2006(9)：180-182.CHANG X P，LI Z，QIN J H.Application of ant colony algorithm in optimization design of spiral seal[J].Lubrication and Seal，2006(9)：180-182.
• [9]YANKOV V I，TRUFANOVA N M，SHCHERBININ A G.Isothermal flow of anomalously viscous liquids in helix seals with longitudinal circulation[J].Chemical and Petroleum Engineering，2006，42(5-6)：110-112.
• [10]YANKOV V I，TRUFANOVA N M，SHCHERBININA G.Nonisothermal flow of polymeric fluids in helix seals with longitudinal circulation[J].Chemical and Petroleum Engineering，2006，42(3-4)：231-233.
• [11]陈果，宋鹏云.适用于幂律流体螺旋密封封液能力近似解析分析[J].润滑与密封，2017，42(7)：66-71.CHEN G，SONG P Y.Approximate analytical analysis of sealing capacity of spiral seal for power law fluid[J].Lubrication and Sealing，2017，42(7)：66-71.
• [12]孙卫平，马新勇，顾海飞，等.给水泵螺旋密封的结构改进[J].流体机械，2014，42(7)：40-42.SUN W P，MA X Y，GU H F，et al.Structural improvement of screw seal of feed pump[J].Fluid Machinery，2014，42(7)：40-42.
• [13]周泽新.火箭液氧涡轮泵螺旋密封-转子系统动力学特性研究[D].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学，2019.ZHOU Z X.Study on dynamic characteristics of spiral seal rotor system of rocket liquid oxygen turbopump[D].Harbin：Harbin University of Technology，2019.
• [14]陈志，高春阳，范唯超，等.浮环密封流场数值模拟及泄漏率公式的修正[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版)，2016，48(1)：208-214.CHEN Z，GAO C Y，FAN W C，et al.Numerical simulation of floating ring seal flow field and correction of leakage rate formula[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition)，2016，48(1)：208-214.
• [15]李敏.风力发电机齿轮传动系统及动力可靠性概率优化设计[J].通用机械，2019(9)：18-20.LI M.Probabilistic optimization design of gear transmission system and dynamic reliability of wind turbine[J].General Machinery，2019(9)：18-20.
• [16]张俊宝，柳胜华，谷雨.焊后热处理对SA 738 Gr.B钢热影响区冲击性能和断裂韧性的影响[J].压力容器，2021，38(8)：29-33.ZHANG J B，LIU S H，GU Y.Effect of PWHT on impact property and fracture toughness of SA 738 Gr.B steel heat affected zone[J].Pressure Vessel Technology，2021，38(8)：29-33.
• [17]杨超，惠虎.超高压爆破片安全泄放装置橡胶密封圈结构及密封性能的数值模拟[J].压力容器，2021，38(2)：37-47.YANG C，HUI H.Numerical simulation on the structure and sealing performance of rubber seal ring in safety relief device of ultrahigh pressure bursting disc[J].Pressure Vessel Technology，2021，38(2)：37-47.
• [18]童李.基于MATLAB优化工具箱的角接触球轴承的优化设计[J].煤矿机械，2011，32(7)：20-21.TONG L.Optimization design of angular contact ball bearing based on MATLAB optimization toolbox[J].Coal Mining Machinery，2011，32(7)：20-21.